Perspectives of Clean Cane Production Techniques and Environmental Sustainability: A Review | Chapter 8 | Current Research in Education and Social Studies Vol. 4

Given the importance of sugar to humanity, clean cane production has become a source of concern for both academic and producers alike. Focusing on the largest producing and exporting countries of processed and refined sugarcane is the most appropriate means of understanding the concepts evolving around clean cane production. Climate change has not directly reduced the quantity of clean cane produced due to an increase in use of chemical products in farming for sugar cane, but has negatively affected the quality of output. Disease prevalence in harvested cane as well as high soil erosion from global warming have been key elements of the sudden decline in quality cane harvesting and processing. This decline in quality has not only reduce the amount of revenue accruable to farmers but with the consequence of future production prospect if improperly addressed. This study carried out a desk research methodology to review extant literature to identify contemporary issues that needs to be urgently researched on. While a number of issues were uncovered by this study, it was found that scientific experiments and mathematical models enhance theoretical facts on successful and disease-free clean cane production methods. But due to the practicability exceptions and the inherent limitations in outcomes of experiments, the research stresses on the importance of field work through observations before theoretical assessments on the findings and the causes of disease prevalence and quality decline in output. This is hoped will sanitize the cane production process and output for the present and future generations.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Doorasamy Mishelle

School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

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Soil Carbon Sequestration: Basis & Basics | Book Publisher International

Global warming caused by the greenhouse gases has resulted in unprecedented climatic changes. Various anthropogenic as well as natural processes serve as sources for emission of carbon dioxide, the most potent greenhouse gas. Soil carbon stocks, a key determinant of soil health is getting depleted at a fast rate, indirectly placing the global food security at stake. Considerable variability in the soil organic carbon stocks exists in above and below ground phytomass, which vary with latitude and climatic regions and with different land use systems. The recalcitrant carbon fraction not only reduces the losses of soil organic carbon but also serve in locking up the carbon by way of soil carbon sequestration thus reducing carbon dioxide emissions and global warming to a considerable extent. Soil carbon sequestration includes a host of technologies that are employed which has the potential to greatly reduce, capture and store carbon produced both by anthropogenic factors and natural means in the soil. Mitigative and adaptive strategies of carbon sequestration are largely based on natural processes, engineering techniques and chemical transformations. A judicious land use and prudential adoption of recommended management practices is the need of the hour. While tillage based agriculture damages the soil, conservation agriculture builds soil quality, protects water quality, increases biodiversity and sequesters carbon. Pyrolytic production of biochar holds much prospect for soil carbon sequestration.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Naveen Leno
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani, India.

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Air Pollution, Not Greenhouse Gases: The Principal Cause of Global Warming | Chapter 09 | Current Perspectives to Environment and Climate Change Vol. 1

Aim: Gottschalk demonstrated the bump coincident with World War II is a robust feature showing up in eight independent NOAA temperature databases. Without contradicting Gottschalk’s conclusion, I consider the broader activities of WW2, especially the manner of altering Earth’s delicate energy balance by particulate aerosols and then generalise to post-WW2 global warming. The aim is to present evidence that particulate pollution, not greenhouse gases, is the principal cause of global warming.

Methods: Arrange seemingly unrelated observations into a logical sequence in the mind so that causal relationships become evident.

Results: The World War II wartime particulate-pollution, I submit, had the same global-warming consequence as the subsequent ever-increasing global aerosol particulate-pollution from (1) increases in aircraft and vehicular traffic, and the industrialization of China and India with their smokestacks spewing out smoke and coal fly ash and from (2) coal fly ash covertly jet-sprayed into the region where clouds form on a near-daily, near-global basis. Spraying coal fly ash into the atmosphere not only causes global warming by altering Earth’s delicate thermal balance, but it is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and neurodegenerative disease, as well as being involved in the global catastrophic bee and insect die-off and in forest die-offs worldwide, poisoning the biosphere with mercury, and destroying atmospheric ozone that protects us from the sun’s deadly ultraviolet radiation. The continued deliberate pollution of our atmosphere with aerosolised coal fly ash will inevitably cripple our ability to produce food crops and will cause untold death and destruction, for example, by altering Monsoon weather patterns and by exacerbating wildfires.

Conclusion: The main cause of global warming is particulate pollution, not greenhouse gases. Unless atmospheric modification utilising aerosolised coal fly ash is halted, we drive ever-forward toward the first anthropogenic mass extinction of life on Earth.

Author(s) Details

J. Marvin Herndon
Transdyne Corporation, 11044 Red Rock Drive, San Diego, CA 92131, USA.

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An Indication of Intentional Efforts to Cause Global Warming and Glacier Melting | Chapter 05 | Current Perspectives to Environment and Climate Change Vol. 1

Aims: On or about February 14, 2016, an oily-ashy substance was accidently released by an aircraft and fell on seven residences and vehicles in Harrison Township, Michigan (USA). The aims of this investigation are to analyze the “air-drop material” and from the results obtained to draw inferences as to the intended purpose of the material.

Methodology: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were used to analyze the “air-drop material”.

Results: The “air-drop material” was found to consist of an assemblage of plant material mixed with coal fly ash and salt. The splatter pattern on vehicles, ground, and rooftops resembles cryoconite holes observed on ablating glaciers worldwide. The “air-drop material” resembles to some extent natural cryoconite, and appears to be modeled after that substance with coal fly ash imparting the dark gray color that absorbs sunlight, melts glacial ice, and contributes to global warming.

Conclusions: The results of this investigation provide evidence that is indicative of a deliberate effort to hasten the melting of glaciers and thereby hasten global warming. If so, this investigation reinforces the net effect of daily particulate aerosol spraying in the troposphere observed worldwide. Elsewhere the author has provided evidence that coal fly ash is the primary material being employed in such spraying whose net effect is to enhance global warming. Scientists worldwide should call for, and indeed demand, a full and open investigation into these covert geoengineering activities whose potential impacts on Earth’s climate system, the integrity of Earth’s biota, and on human health may prove to be extremely hazardous.

Author(s) Details

J. Marvin Herndon
Transdyne Corporation, 11044 Red Rock Drive, San Diego, CA 92131, USA.

Read full article: http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/view/60/681/539-1
View Volume: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cpecc/v1