Phospholipase A2 Inhibition and Antiinflammatory Activity of F4 Fraction of Total Ethereal Leaf Extract of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) | Chapter 02 | New Insights on Chemical Research Vol. 1

Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) is a plant which is used in african traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of total ethereal leaf extract fractions of A. senegalensis. Compounds of methanolic fractions of ethereal leaf extract of A. senegalensis were separated by gel sephadex chromatography, in five fractions (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5). Experiments were performed in acetic acid-induced contortions in mice, carrageenan rat paw edema and phospholipase A2 inhibitory test. The methanolic fraction of total ethereal leaf extract (10 mg/kg, per os) significantly prevented the carrageenan inflammatory edema. The variation of edema is 22.31±3.35%, 49.66±13.50%, 52.10±10.02% respectively at T1h, T3h and T5h. The increased edema after oral administration of F4 fraction administered at 300 µg/kg and 1 mg/kg per os is respectively 52.77±7.36% and 33.81±6.94%. The variation of edema in betamethasone group (1 mg/kg, per os) is 23.46±3.99%. F4 fraction at 300 µg/kg, significantly inhibited 16.39% of phospholipase A2 enzyme activity. F4 fraction (300 µg/kg, per os) also significantly prevented acetic acid-induced pain in mice. The number of abdominal contortions is 21 versus 72 in control group. F4 fraction compounds have a powerful analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity that involves phospholipase A2 inhibition, comparable to betamethasone profile on pain and inflammation.

Author(s) Details

M. Sene
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Pharmacodynamie, FMPO, UCAD, BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal.

F. S. Barboza
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Pharmacodynamie, FMPO, UCAD, BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal.

A. Ndong
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Pharmacodynamie, FMPO, UCAD, BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal.

A. Sarr
Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Botanique, FMPO, UCAD, BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal.

A. Wele3
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, FMPO, UCAD, BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal.

E. Bassene
Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Botanique, FMPO, UCAD, BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal.

G. Y. Sy
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Pharmacodynamie, FMPO, UCAD, BP 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal.

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TNF-α Inhibitor Treatment for Crohn’s Disease: Comparative Review of Post Therapy Malignancy between Infliximab and Adalimumab | Chapter 08 | Modern Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 2

The association between chronic inflammatory disease and cancer has been well established through years of research. In corollary, progressive resistance to chimeric monoclonal antibodies has been reported in literature. The purpose of this investigation was to establish the overall trend of the chimeric monoclonal antibody (Infliximab) failure compared with human monoclonal antibody (Adalimumab). It was opined that this failure may result in subclinical yet cancer-inducing inflammation that could be measurable in patient populations undergoing the therapy by examining cancer prevalence. An overall trend of increased incidence of new malignancy in patient populations on Infliximab compared with Adalimumab was confirmed from the literature reviewed. There was also a significant trend of developing Gastrointestinal (GI) related cancer in patients on Infliximab, which corresponds with the majority of the progression process in Crohn’s disease. It was opined that future observations in clinical practice will lead to the phasing out of Infliximab as a front-line monoclonal antibody in the treatment of Crohn’s disease in favor of less immunogenic monoclonal antibodies. In conclusion an increased incidence of both general and GI malignancies has been widely reported in patient populations undergoing Infliximab therapy than with Adalimumab.

Author(s) Details

Danil Hammoudi, MD
Department of Pathology, Saint James School of Medicine, BWI, Anguilla.

Adekunle Sanyaolu, PhD
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Saint James School of Medicine, BWI, Anguilla

Nirav Nagarsheth, MD, MBA
Department of Pathology, Saint James School of Medicine, BWI, Anguilla.

Jason Kimbel, M.D., MHA
Department of Pathology, Saint James School of Medicine, BWI, Anguilla.

Amos Abioye, PhD
Department of Pharmacy, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom.

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